After World War in Italy set up a new minority with the annexation of South Tyrol. The recognition of minorities lasted a long time and also caused political conflicts. Today it is recognized that the Province of Bolzano South Tyrol belongs to the tirolizans, that in Firuli there are Furlani Rhaeto-Romans and in the Aosta Valley the population is Franco-Provençal.
Number of inhabitants: 59 million
Density: 197 inhabitants / km ²
Distribution: 67% urban / rural 33%
Annual growth rate: 0.1%
Life expectancy: 84 years Women / Men 78 years
Religion: Roman Catholic
Languages spoken: Italian (official language), German, French, Ladin, Slovene
The rate of illiteracy: 2%